Burroughs' Encyclopaedia of Astounding Facts and Useful Information, 1889

by Barkham Burroughs

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HOW TO MAKE 32 KINDS OF SOLDER.--1. Plumbers' solder.--Lead 2 parts, tin I part. 2. Tinmen's solder.--Lead 1 part, tin 1 part. 3. Zinc solder.--Tin 1 part, [Transcriber's Note: The original text reads 'lead 1 to parts'] lead 1 to 2 parts. 4. Pewter solder. Lead 1 part, bismuth 1 to 2 parts. 5. [Transcriber's Note: The original text reads 'Spelter soldier'] Spelter's solder.--Equal parts copper and zinc. 6. Pewterers' soft solder.--Bismuth 2, lead 4, tin 3 parts. 7. Another.--Bismuth 1, lead I, tin 2 parts. 8. Another pewter solder.--Tin 2 parts, lead 1 part. 9. Glaziers' solder.--Tin 3 parts, lead 1 part. 10. Solder for copper.--Copper 10 parts, zinc 9 parts. 11. Yellow solder for brass or copper.--- Copper 32 lbs., zinc 29 lbs., tin 1 lb. 12. Brass solder.--Copper 61.25 parts, zinc 38.75 parts. 13. Brass solder, yellow and easily fusible.--Copper 45, zinc 55 parts. 14. Brass solder, white.--Copper 57.41 parts, tin 14.60 parts, zinc 27.99 parts. 15. Another solder for copper.--Tin 2 parts, lead 1 part. When the copper is thick heat it by a naked fire, if thin use a tinned copper tool. Use muriate or chloride of zinc as a flux. The same solder will do for iron, cast iron, or steel; if the pieces are thick, heat by a naked fire or immerse in the solder. 16. Black solder.--Copper 2, zinc 3, tin 2 parts. 17. Another.--Sheet brass 20 lbs., tin 6 lbs., zinc 1 lb. 18. Cold brazing without fire or lamp. --Fluoric acid 1 oz., oxy muriatic acid 1 oz., mix in a lead bottle. Put a chalk mark each side where you want to braze. This mixture will keep about G months in one bottle. 19. Cold soldering without fire or lamp.--Bismuth 1/4 oz., quicksilver 1/4 oz., block tin filings 1 oz., spirits salts 1 oz., all mixed together. 20. To solder iron to steel or either to brass.--Tin 3 parts, copper 39-1/2 parts, zinc 7-1/2 parts. When applied in a molten state it will firmly unite metals first named to each other. 21. Plumbers' solder.--Bismuth 1, lead 5, tin 3 parts, is a first-class composition. 22. White solder for raised Britannia ware.--Tin 100 lbs., hardening 8 lbs., antimony 8 lbs. 23. Hardening for Britannia.--(To be mixed separately from the other ingredients.) Copper 2 lbs., tin 1 lb. 21. Best soft solder for cast Britannia ware.--Tin 8 lbs., lead 5 lbs. 25. Bismuth solder.--Tin 1, lead 3, bismuth 3 parts. 26. Solder for brass that will stand hammering.--Brass 78.26 parts, zinc 17.41 parts, silver 4.33 parts, add a little chloride of potassium to your borax for a flux. 27. Solder for steel joints.--Silver 19 parts, copper 1 part, brass 2 parts, Melt all together. 28. Hard solder.--Copper 2 parts, zinc 1 part. Melt together. 29. Solder for brass.--- Copper 3 parts, zinc 1 part, with borax. 30. Solder for copper.--- Brass 6 parts, zinc 1 part, tin 1 part, melt all together well and pour out to cool. 31. Solder for platina--Gold with borax. 32. Solder for iron.--The best solder for iron is good tough brass with a little borax.

N. B.--In soldering, the surfaces to be joined are made perfectly clean and smooth, and then covered with sal. ammoniac, resin or other flux, the solder is then applied, being melted on and smoothed over by a tinned soldering iron.

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[Illustration: COOKERY RECIPES]

COOKERY RECIPES

ALE TO MULL.--Take a pint of good strong ale, and pour it into a saucepan with three cloves and a little nutmeg; sugar to your taste. Set it over the fire, and when it boils take it off to cool. Beat up the yolks of four eggs exceedingly well; mix them first with a little cold ale, then add them to the warm ale, and pour it in and out of the pan several times. Set it over a slow fire, beat it a little, take it off again; do this three times until it is hot, then serve it with dry toast.

ALE, SPICED.--Is made hot, sweetened with sugar and spiced with grated nutmeg, and a hot toast is served in it. This is the wassail drink.

BEEF TEA.--Cut a pound of fleshy beef in thin slices; simmer with a quart of water twenty minutes, after it has once boiled and been skimmed. Season if approved.

BEEF TEA.--To one pound of lean beef add one and one-half tumblers of cold water; cut the beef in small pieces, cover, and let it boil slowly for ten minutes, and add a little salt after it is boiled. Excellent.

BEEF TEA.--Cut lean, tender beef into small pieces, put them into a bottle, cork and set in a pot of cold water, then put on the stove and boil for one hour. Season to taste.