Factory Act(1833) - An attempt to establish normal working hours for workers in the textile industry.
Fall of Eagles - Refers to the collapse of tsarist Russia.
Fascism - Right-wing authoritarian political movement.
Fashoda Incident - The climax of colonial disputes between imperial Britain and France in Eastern Africa; brought Britain and France to the verge of war but ended in a diplomatic victory for Britain.
February Revolution(1917) - The first stage of the Russian Revolution of 1917, consisting of riots in Petrograd which resulted in the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II.
Ferdinand Foch, General(1851-1929) - French soldier critical in stopping German advance during Spring 1918 and the Second Battle of Marne (July 1918); began the counter-attack leading to German defeat.
Ferdinand Lassalle(1825-1864) - German politician whose actions led to the formation of the Social Democratic Party, which was strongly opposed by Karl Marx.
Fernando Álvarez de Toledo(1508-1583) - A Spanish general and governor of the Spanish Netherlands, nicknamed "the Iron Duke" for his cruelty; fought against Protestants in the Netherlands (Eighty Years' War).
Feudalism - Medieval system of holding land as a fief, provided by a lord to a vassal.
Fief - Revenue-producing property granted by a lord to a vassal (feudalism).
First Five-Year Plan - Outline the goals of the Soviet bureaucracy, focusing on heavy industry.
Flora Tristan(1803-1844) - One of the founders of modern feminism, author of several femenism works; grandmother of Paul Gauguin.
Fourteen Points - United States President Woodrow Wilson's outline for reconstructing Europe after World War I.
Francesco Sforza(1401-1466) - Founder of the Sforza dynasty in Milan, Italy; successfully modernized the city, which became a center of Renaissance learning and culture.
Francis Bacon(1561-1626) - English philosopher, advocate of absolute duty to the sovereign, and defender of the Scientific Revolution.
Franco-Prussian War(1870-1871) - War fought between France and Prussia over a possible German claim to the Spanish throne.
French Academy of Sciences(1666) - Learned society founded by Louis XIV to encourage French scientific research.
Friedrich Engels(1820-1895) - German Socialist philosopher who co-published The Communist Manifesto with Karl Marx.
