James Hargreaves(1720-1778) - English inventor of the spinning jenny in 1764.
James Watt(1736-1819) - Scottish engineer who improved the steam engine, a catalyst of the Industrial Revolution.
Jan Hus(1369-1415) - Founder of the Hussites, with reform goals similar to those of John Wyclif; author of On the Church, criticizing the Church; was burned at the stake.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau(1712-1778) - Swiss-French philosopher and political theorist; "noble savage" idea that man is good by nature but corrupted by society.
Joan of Arc(1412-1431) - Peasant girl who defended an English siege on Orléans during the Hundred Years' War; was captured and burned as a heretic.
Johann Tetzel(1465-1519) - Dominican priest known for selling indulgences (Protestant Reformation).
John Calvin(1509-1564) - Founder of Calvinism in Geneva, Switzerland (Protestant Reformation).
John Kay(1704-1780) - British inventor of the flying shuttle for weaving, a catalyst of the Industrial Revolution.
John Knox(1505-1572) - A Protestant reformer who founded Presbyterianism in Scotland (Protestant Reformation).
John Locke(1632-1704) - An English philosopher of the Enlightenment who wrote about "government with the consent of the governed" and man's natural rights; provided justification for the Glorious Revolution.
John Wyclif(1328-1384) - Initiator of the first English translation of the Bible, an important step toward the Protestant Reformation.
Joseph Joffre, General(1852-1931) - Catalan French general; helped counter the Schlieffen Plan through retreat and counterattack at the First Battle of the Marne.
