The Handy Cyclopedia of Things Worth Knowing / A Manual of Ready Reference
by Joseph Triemens
Available in
158 free installments
Owner:
View book
noted above.
That may be applied to nouns or subjects of all sorts; as, the girl that
went to school, the dog that bit me, the opinion that he entertains.
The misuse of these pronouns gives rise to more errors in speaking and
writing than any other cause.
When you wish to distinguish between two or more persons, say: "Which is
the happy man?" not who--"Which of those ladies to you admire?"
Instead of "Whom do you think him to be?" say, "Who do you think him to
be?"
Whom should I see.
To whom do you speak?
Who said so?
Who gave it to you?
Of whom did you procure them?
Who was he?
Who do men say that I am?
Self should never be added to his, their, mine or thine.
Each is used to denote every individual of a number.
Every denotes all the individuals of a number.
Either and or denote an alternative: "I will take either road, at your
pleasure;" "I will take this or that."
Neither means not either, and nor means not the other. Either is
sometimes used for each--"Two thieves were crucified, on either side
one."
"Let each esteem others as good as themselves," should be, "Let each
esteem others as good as himself."
"There are bodies each of which are so small," should be, "each of which
is so small."
Do not use double superlatives, such as most straightest, most highest,
most finest.
The term worser has gone out of use; but lesser is stilt retained.
The use of such words as chiefest, extreamest, etc., has become
obsolete, because they do not give any superior force to the meanings of
the primary words, chief, extreme, etc.
Such expressions as more impossible, more indispensable, more universal,
more uncontrollable, more unlimited, etc., are objectionable, as they
really enfeeble the meaning which it is the object of the speaker or
writer to strengthen. For instance, impossible gains no strength by
rendering it more impossible. This class of error is common with persons
who say, "A great large house," "A great big animal," "A little small
foot," "A tiny little hand."
Here, there and where, originally denoting place, may now, by common
consent, be used to denote other meanings, such as, "There I agree with
you," "Where we differ," "We find pain where we expected pleasure,"
"Here you mistake me."
Hence, whence and thence, denoting departure, etc., may be used without
the word from. The idea of from is included in the word
whence--therefore it is unnecessary to say "From whence."
Hither, thither and whither, denoting to a place, have generally been
superseded by here, there and where. But there is no good reason why
they should not be employed. If, however, they are used, it is
unnecessary to add the word to, because that is implied--"Whither are
you going?" "Where are you going?" Each of these sentences is complete.
To say, "Where are you going to?" is redundant.
Two negatives destroy each other, and produce an affirmative. "Nor did
he not observe them," conveys the idea that he did observe them.
But negative assertions are allowable. "His manners are not impolite,"
which implies that his manners are in some degree marked by politeness.
Instead of "Let you and I." say "Let you and me."
Instead of "I am not so tall as him," say "I am not so tall as he."
When asked "Who is there?" do not answer "Me," but "I,"
Instead of "For you and I," say "For you and me."
Instead of "Says I," say "I said."
Instead of "You are taller than me," say "You are taller than I."
Instead of "I ain't," or "I arn't," say "I am not."
Instead of "Whether I be present or no," say "Whether I be present or
not."
For "Not that I know on,"' say "Not that I know."
Instead of "Was I to do so," say "Were I to do so."
Instead of "I would do the same if I was him," say "I would do the same
if I were he."
Instead of "I had as lief go myself," say "I would as soon go myself,"
or "I would rather."
It is better to say "Six weeks ago" than "Six weeks back."
It is better to say "Since which time," than "Since when,"
It is better to say "I repeated it," than "I said so over again."
Instead of "He was too young to have suffered much," say "He was too
young to suffer much."
Instead of "Less friends," say "Fewer friends." Less refers to quantity.
Instead of "A quantity of people," say "A number of people."
Instead of "He and they we know," say "Him and them."
Instead of "As far as I can see,"